Reamer



S. A. MAXWELL.

REAMER.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 19, 1920.

Patented Feb. 21, 1922'.

2 SHEETSSHEET I S. A Mam W 56.

S.-A. MAXWELL.

BEAMER. APPLICATION FILED FEB. 19, 1920.

1,407,5 0, Patented Feb. 211, 1922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Fete.

SINGLETON A. MAXWELL, OF MONTOUR FALIIS, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALET FOREST J. SEELEY, OF WELLSVILLE, NEW YORK.

REAMER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented renai, 1922.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SINGLETON A.- MAX- WELL, citizen of the UnitedStates, residing at Montour Falls, in the county of Schuyler and Stateof New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inReamers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to an improved reamer and has as one of itsprincipal objects to provide a device of this character employing asingle radially inclined cutter.

The invention has as a further object to provide a reamer wherein thereamer body will be accurately centered and wherein the cutter willbefirmly held to the work so as to prevent chattering as well as what isgenerally termed hogging in.

And the invention has as a still, further object to provide a reamerwherein the cutter may be accurately adjusted with facility and lockedin adjusted position, and wherein an improved indicator will be providedfor registering the adjustment of the cutter;

Other and incidental objects will appear hereinafter.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a perspective viewof my improved reamer, the reamer beingshown in connection with an arbor,

Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view taken centrally through the reamerbody and par ticularly illustrating the mounting of the cutter employed,

Figure 3 is a detail perspective view of the cutter, its adjusting nut,and the indicator associated with the cutter,

Figure 4 is a sectional View taken through gust of the centering guidesof the reamer Figure 5 is a bottom planview of the device,

Figure 6 is a bottom plan View showing a slight modification,

Figure 7 is a fragmentary vertical section similar to Figure 4, and

Figure 8 is a fragmentary sectional view showing a further modificationof the invention.

In carrying the invention into effect, I employ a cylindrical reamerbody 10 counterbored at its inner end to provide a socket for the studof an arbor, conventionall shown at 11. At its opposite or forward enthe reamer body is also counterbored or recessed as indicated at 12.This recess terminates in a center 13 by means of which, in connectionwith its arbor, the reamer ma be mounted on centers. Formed in thebodyis a radially disposed threaded bore 14, at the outer end of which isprovided a chamber 15 opening through the body at one side thereof andat a point substantially midway between the ends of the body. At the junction between the chamber and the bore is formed an annular seat 16and leading from the inner end of the bore in axial alinementtherewithis a squared channel 17 opening through the opposite side of the bodynear its lower end. Slidably mounted in said channel is a radiallydisposed inclined cutter 18 and threaded into the bore 14: at the rearof the cutter is a follower screw 19. As particularly shown in Figure 3of the drawings, the screw is provided preferably with a hexagonalwrench receiving socket 20 so that the screw may thus be readilyadjusted for advancing thg cutter, and thread ed through the interveningportion ofthe reamer body between the recess 12 and channel 17 is a setscrew 21 for securing the cutter in adjusted position, the recess 12providing, of course, free access tosaid screw.

Associated with the follower screw 19 is an indicator for registeringthe adjustment of the screw and consequently the adjustment of thecutter. This indicator includes an annular head 22 which is freelyreceived within the chamber 15 of the reamer body to rest against theseat 16 and extending from said head are spaced parallel arms 23 whichare freely received within slots 24 formed in opposite sides of thefollower screw. The outer surface of the head of the indicator issuitably calibrated and coacting with the head for retaining it inengagement with said seat is a gib 25. As particularly shown in Figure2, this gib is received within the chamber 15 to lie against the wallthereof atits upper side and securing the gib is a screw 26. Either thegib or the wall of the chamber may be provided with a zero mark which,in conjunction with the calibrations upon thehead of the indicator, willprovide a means whereby the extent of rotation of the indicator may bereadily determined and preferably, the calibrations upon the indicatorhead will be such as to provide readings in thousandths of an inch. Aswill be noted, the center opening through the indicator head registerswith the socket 20 of the follower screw so that when it is desired torotate the screw. a wrench may be inserted through the head of theindicator and engaged in said socket. The arms 23 will, of course,couple the indicator to the follower screw to turn therewith while, atthe same time, endwise movement of the screw will be permitted.Consequently, as the screw is adjusted, the indicator head will rideagainst the seat 16 as the screw is advanced or retracted for eitheradvancing or permitting retraction of the cutter.

Spaced around the periphery of the rea1n er body is a plurality oflongitudinally extending centering guides which, for convenience, havebeen indicated at 27, 28, and 29 respectively. These guides are seatedin suitable channels therefor and, as will be observed upon reference toFigures 1, 2 and 4, the guide 27 is relatively short while the guides 28and 29 extend the full length of the reamer body, all of the guides,however, projecting slightly beyond the forward end of the body. Theouter edges of the guides are curved in concentric relation to the axisof the reamer body and formed in the forward side faces of said guidesare longitudinal grooves 30 for the discharge of'shavings, these groovestending to prevent the entrance of shavings between the outer faces ofthe guides and the-wall of the hole being reamed and thus interferingwith the proper work of the tool, the sharp curved edges of the guidestending to prevent chips being dragged under the guides. As particularlybrought out in Figure 5, the guide 27 lies almost diametrically oppositethe cutter, a

plane extending parallel to the forward side ace of the outer end of thecutter and passing through the axis of the reamer body, cutting mediallythrough said guide. Thus, the cutter can be set by means of a micrometercaliper to any size within the range of the tool. The guide 28 liespractically midway between the guide 27 and the cutter, while the guide29 is spaced more closely to the cutter in advance thereof. The purposein thus arranging the guides will presently appear.

Securing the guide 27 is a single clamping screw 31, the head of whichengages a suitable ledge formed in the adjacent side of the guide andsimilarly securing the guide 28 is a pair of clamping screws 32 arrangedadjacent o posite ends of this latter guide. The guides 27 and 28 arethus'rigidly fixed upon the reamer body. On the other hand, the guide 29is freely mounted in its receiving channel and swingingly supporting theguide is a pivot pin 33 extending through the inner end portion of theguide and journaled through the side walls of said channel.

Seated in a suitable bore beneath the-forward end portion of the guideis a preferably helical spring 34: acting to project the guide or swingthe free end portion thereof radially outward and limiting the free endof the guide in its outward movement is a stop screw 35, the head ofwhich coacts with a suitable ledge formed in the adjacent side of theguide. As will be best observed upon reference to Figure 4, clearancebetween the forward end portion of the guide and the bottom wall of itsreceiving channel is thus normally present, the forward end portion ofthe guide being held slightly eccentric to the axis of the reamer body.Consequently, when the reamer is inserted in a bore of normal size, theseveral guides 27, 28 and 29 will engage the wall of said bore forcentering the reamer body therein, the forward end portion of theguide-29 being depressed so that this guide will thus be resilientlyheld to frictionally coact with the wall of or drill press on which thereamer is being used be out of line; On the other hand, the centeringguide 28, in being arranged substantially midway between the guide 27and the cutter, will not, in extending the full length of the reamerbody, influence the cutting tool materially while said guide will serveto greatly facilitate the reaming of holes where the center is coredout, in that it will, in most instances, guide the reamer from onereamed portion to the other, as well as provide a maximum wearingsurface behind the cutter where most needed. The

spring-pressed guide 29, in being arranged immediately in advance of thecutter, will serve to steady the reamer body to prevent chattering aswell as the common fault of what is generally termed hogging in. Therear end ortion of the guide 29 is ground oif or re uced in width sothat the guide will not bind in a bore or hole which is somewhat smallerthan normal and the free end portion of the guide will be permittedsufficient inward movement to prevent binding of the free end of theguide against the bottom wall of its channel when the reamer is insertedin a bore 0r hole under normal size. In order that the reamer may beemployed as a boring tool, the outer lower ccrners of the guides arebeveled off so that the square outer end of the cutter may thus enterthe work slighly in advance of the guides, the beveled faces of theguides intersecting the plane of the bottom fiat face of the cutter atits outer end. As will be seen, this featureof the present inventionprovides avery advantageous arrangement since the device may be employedeither as a reamer or as a boring tool.

In Figure 6 of the drawings, I have illustrated a slight modification ofthe invention which pertains particularly to the arrangement of thecentering guides of the reamer body with respect to the cutter. In thismodification, the cutter is indicatedat 1S and the several guides at 27,28' and 29', these parts corresponding to similar parts of the preferredconstruction and being mounted in like manner. The guide 28' is mountedin the same position withrespect to the cutter as the guide 28 of thepreferred construction. However, the guides 27 and 29' are closelyspaced in advance and at the rear respectively of the cutter. Thisarrangement of .the centering guides is more desirable when the deviceis being used as a boring tool, the disposition of said guides withrespect ,to the cutter tending to effectually prevent hogging in of thetool. Otherwise, the modified form of the invention is identical withthe preferred construction and a. further descriptlon of themodification is accordingly believed unnecessary.

V In Figure 8, I have illustrated a further slight modification of theinvention. In this figure, the reamer body is indicated at 36. Formed inthe body is a threaded bore 37 at the outer end of which is a chamber 38and leading from the inner end of said bore is a channel 39, in which ismounted a cutter 40- as in the preferred construction.

Threaded in said bore is a follower nut 41, through which is axiallyformed a square opening 42 and slidably engaging in said openin is thesquare shank '43 of an indicator, t e shank being provided at its outerend with an annular head 44 resting against the seat formed at thejunction between the bore 37 and chamber 38. The head is provided with ascrew-driver slot 44 and coacting with the head for 'rotatably securingthe indicator in position isa gib 45, this gib corresponding to the gibof the preferred construction. Thus, a screw driver or other tool may beengaged in the slot 44 for rotating the indicator which, in turn, willserve to rotate the follower screw for advancing the cutter. The head ofthe indicator is suitably calibrated so that the cutter may accordin lybe accurately adjusted. As will be seen, t is modified constructionprovides an arrangement wherein the indicator head'will close the bore37 at its outer end so as to prevent the entrance of shavings into saidbore to possibly interfere with the adjustment of the follower screw.With the exception asjust described, this modified construction isotherwise identical with the preferred form of the invention) Havingthus described the invention, what is claimed as new is:

1. A reamer including a reamer body, a cutter-carried thereby, and aplurality of centering guides for the reamer body projecting beyond theperiphery thereof, one of said guides being yieldably sustained.

2. A reamer including a reamer body, a cutter carried thereby, aplurality of centering guides for the reamer body projectin beyond theperiphery thereof, one of sai guides being swingingly mounted, andyieldable means actin to project said guide.

3. A reamer including a reamer body, a cutter carried thereby, fixed andmovable centering guides for the reamer body projectinmbeyond theperiphery thereof, and yieldz ble means acting to project the movableguide.

4. A reamer including a reamer body, a cutter carried thereby, centeringguides for the reamer body extending beyond the periphery thereof, oneof said guides being hinged another being fixed and a third being alsofixed but shorter than the first guides and arranged substantiallydiametrically opposite the working end of the cutter, and yieldablemeans acting to project the hinged guide. I

5. A reamer including a reamer body, a radially disposed cutter carriedthereby and inclining to project beyond the forward end of the body, anda plurality of centering guides for the body and one of which isyieldable projecting beyond the periphery thereof and also extendingbeyon the forward end of the body, the forward ends of said guideshaving beveled faces intersecting the plane of the foremost face of theworking end of the cutter whereby said end of the cutter may enter thework in advance of the guides.

6. A reamer including a reamer body, a cutter carried thereby, afollower screw adj ustable upon the body behind the cutter for advancingthe cutter and provided with a slot, and an indicator having a headrotatable against the reamer body and provided with an arm freelyengaging in said slot whereby the head will be rotated upon rotation ofthe screw.

7. A reamer including a reamer body' provided in one side thereof with achamber forming a seat and having a threaded bore extending therefromand communicating with a channel opening through the opposite side ofthe body, a cutter slidable in said channel, a follower scnew adjustablein said bore behind the cutter for advancing the cutter, and anindicator having a head rotatable against said seat and provided with anarm slidably engaged with the screw and coupled thereto whereby said 10screw whereby rotation of the screw will head will be rotated with thescrew, the serve to turn said head. head being provided with an openingthere- 8. A reamer including a reamer body, a through registering withsaid socket wherecutter carried thereby, a screw adjustable by a wrenchmay be inserted through the upon the body behind the cutter for adheadand engaged in the socket for rotat- 15 vancing the cutter and providedwith a ing the screw. wrench receiving socket, and an indicator Intestimony whereof I aflix my signature. having a head overlying theouter end of the SINGLETON MAXWELL- -1-

